Refractive formation in children, living in the radiation-tainted territory
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/PS.2017.55.85Keywords:
refraction, children, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, radiation-tainted territoryAbstract
Objective. To determine the peculiarities of a refraction formation in children, living on a radiation-tainated territory; on the basis of obtaining data and modern vision of refractogenesis to identify the high-risk groups of children with the refractive disorders, to develop recommendations for monitoring and control of the refraction status and appropriate treatment.Material and methods. For the first time the multiple investigations during 11 years concerning of a total of 989 children aged 6.5-17 years, living in the radiation-tainted due to Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident area (655 children) and the «not radiation-tainted area» (334 children) of one climate geographical zone, were performed.
Results. The faster processes of emmetropy was observed in children aged 7-12 years, who were born in 1987-1992, i.e. after the ChNPP accident, and living in the radiation-tainted territory in comparison with the similar aged children from the «not radiation-tainted territory». The delayed refractogenesis was determined in children of 13-16 years, who were born in 1981-1986 from the radiation-tainted area. The risk of hyperopia is higher in 2.3 times in children from the polluted area, who were born before the Chernobyl accident aged 15-16.5 years, than in children of the same age from the unpolluted areas. The risk of myopia is higher in 1.9 times in children from the radiation-tainted territory than in children of the same age from the «not radiation-tainted territory». The higher rate of mixed аstigmatism is established in the radiation-tainted territory (1.6%) in comparison with children from the «not radiationtainted territory» (0.45%). The risk groups of refractive disorders among schoolchildren, living in the radiation-tainted territory, are revealed, such as the presence of digestive and respiratory tract diseases, pathologies of ENS-organs and connective tissue, allergic diseases (the risk of myopia increases in 1.5-3 times); deviations in physical growth and development cause the increased incidence rate of myopia in 1.4 times and hyperopia in 1.3 times in comparison with healthy children.
Conclusions. The obtained data is the pathogenetic ground for carrying out of corresponding medical and preventive measures focused on children living in the radiation-tainted territory.
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