In vivo experimental models in scientific research on current issues of Crohn's disease and other inflammatory bowel diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/PS.2025.3(88).135148Keywords:
Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, In Vivo experimental models, experimental animalsAbstract
The relevance of scientific research into the pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and other inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is due to the increase in morbidity in all age groups and geographical regions. In vivo experimental studies are an integral part of multi-vector scientific research.
Aim - determination the role of species characteristics of biological objects, characterisation of the methods of induction of the pathological process in experimental reproduction and research of topical issues of CD and other IBD.
Based on the analysis of professional literature sources, the advantages that determine and disadvantages that limit the use of biological species in experimental studies are analyzed and presented. Methods of modeling diseases, induction substrates and pathophysiological changes in the experimental inflammatory process of the intestine are considered. Ethical norms that limit and regulate the use of representatives of biological species in experimental studies in vivo are highlighted. The features of experimental biological objects that contribute to the spontaneous onset of the disease, induction and development of morphological changes, disruption of the integrity and focal destruction of the epithelial intestinal barrier, local pathological immune changes, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiome are determined. Practical results of scientific research using each biological species are presented. The relevance of using biological objects in experimental studies of current issues of CD, other IBD forms is argued based on compliance with ethical standards, the possibility of simultaneous research of several problems in the conditions of one model, proven economic efficiency and compliance with the principles of evidence-based medicine. The need for further search for the optimal biological species and method of induction of experimental intestinal inflammation in accordance with the form of the disease and the defined research tasks is determined.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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